Helping Verb- ing का प्रयोग
कुछ ऐसे verb हैं जिनका प्रयोग
हम continuous
में
नहीं करते हैं क्योंकि उनके साथ ing नहीं लगाया जा सकता है ।
(1) Verbs of Perception- See,
taste, smell, hear, prefer, please, notice, recognize.
(2) Verbs of Thinking Process- Think, know, mean, mind, remember, suppose.
(3) Verbs Showing Possession- Own, have, belong, comprise, possess, contain, consist.
(4) Verbs expressing Feelings or State of Mind- Believe, like, dislike, love, adore,
want,
wish, desire, hate, agree, trust, imagine.
(5) Verbs in General- Look,
seem, appear, affect, resemble, cost, require, become,
hope,
refuse.
उदाहरण :-
1.
He is owing a car. (×)
He
owns a car. (ü)
2.
This house is belonging to me. (×)
This
house belongs to me. (ü)
3.
I am not meaning anything wrong. (×)
I
don't mean anything wrong. (ü)
4.
I am seeing a man standing there. (×)
I see a man standing there. (ü)
Have – यदि
have का
प्रयोग अधिकार के लिए किया जाए तो इसके साथ ing का प्रयोग नहीं
किया जाएगा । पर यदि have
का अर्थ खाना या आनंद करना हो तो have के
साथ ing का
प्रयोग किया जाएगा । उदाहरण :
I
am having a piece of cake. (ü)
I
am having a car. (×)
I
have a car. (ü)
Think, remember, feel, look, appear etc के लिए सामान्य
वाक्यों में 'ing' का प्रयोग नहीं
करते हैं, पर यदि इनका प्रयोग यदि भावनाओं के प्रयोग के लिए
किया जाए तो 'ing' का प्रयोग कर सकते
हैं ।
उदाहरण :
1.
I am thinking you are right. (×)
I
think you are right. (ü)
2.
I am thinking of you. (ü)
3.
It was appearing as if they were going to kill us. (×)
It
appeared as if they were going to kill us.(ü)
4.
You are looking good. (ü)
Preposition के बाद verb के साथ ing का प्रयोग किया
जाता है ।
उदाहरण : The police is
capable of handling the situation.
The guard prevented
police from entering the premises.
Present Perfect Tense:
अभी अभी या हाल ही में
खत्म हुआ काम
उदाहरण :-
We
have progressed a lot.
We
have reached the moon.
Sub + has/ have + V3 +
obj
नकारात्मक वाक्य : Sub + has/ have + not + V3 + obj
प्रश्नवाचक वाकई : Has/ have + Sub + V3 +
obj ?
PAST PERFECT
अगर दो कार्य past में एक के बाद
दूसरा हो तो पहला वाक्य past perfect और दूसरा वाक्य simple past
tense में
होगा ।
1.
I saw him before he stopped his car. (×)
I
had seen him before he stopped his car. (ü)
2.
Before he understood anything the robber fled. (×)
Before he
understood anything the robber had fled. (ü)
3.
I met him after I finished my work. (×)
I
met him after I had finished my work. (ü)
4.
By the time I reached the theatre, the show started. (×)
By the time I
reached the theatre, the show had started. (ü)
5.
When Anand reached his village, he found that the news about him had preceded
him.
(ü)
FUTURE PERFECT
भविष्य में खत्म हो चुका
कार्य इस इस श्रेणी में आता है :-
You
will have finished your syllabus by this time next year.
By
the time I reach the station, the train will have left.
Sub + will/shall + have + V3 + obj
INDEFINITE TENSE
Indefinite Tense Active Passive
Simple Present Sub + V1 +
obj Obj + is/am/are + V3
+ by + sub.
Simple Past Sub + V2 +
obj Obj + was/were + V3
+ by + sub.
Simple Future Sub + shall/will + V1 +
obj Obj + shall/will + be+ V3
+ by + sub.
Modal Sub + modall + V1 +
obj Obj + modal + be+ V3
+ by + sub.
CHANGE THE VOICE
Active Passive
tlS s% 1.
Police arrested him. 1. He was arrested.
2. People speak english all over the world. 2. English is
spoken all over the world.
3. A teacher teaches English here. 3. English is taught
here.
4. No one desire riots. 4. Riots are not desired.
5. I will not tolerate this nonsense. 5. This nonsense
will not be tolerated
by me.
कोई टिप्पणी नहीं:
एक टिप्पणी भेजें
आपकी टिप्पणी के लिये आभार।हम शीघ्र ही आपसे जुड़ेंगे।