DIGITALISATION
Digitisation is defined as the 'technical process' of
"converting analog information into digital form" (i.e. numeric,
binary format, as zeros and ones) and digitalisation is a process of leveraging
digitisation to improve business process. From the day of incarnation as a human being, man has continuously
been in the quest of knowledge and use the same knowledge in his overall
development. With the advent of concept of digitalisation by Gottfried Wilhelm von
Leibniz In 1703 in his publication Explication de 'Arithmétique
Binaire’ initially developed as a base-2 numerical system, the
concept of digitalisation took a leaping pace.The system was further developed
and complemented by scholars such as George Boole (1854), Claude
Shannon (1938) and George Stibitz during the 1940s.
With the advent of world wide web in
the 1990s, digitization has changed the way we work, shop, bank, travel,
educate, govern, manage our health, and enjoy life. The technologies of
digitization enable the conversion of traditional forms of information storage
into the binary code (ones and zeros) of computer storage. A sub-set is the
process of converting analog signals into digital signals. But much larger than
the translation of any type of media into bits and bytes is the digital
transformation of economic transactions and human interactions. In 1755 Samuel Johnson
publishes A Dictionary
of the English Language and includes an entry for “Binary arithmetic,”
quoting Ephraim Chambers’ Cyclopaedia.
Today, Stibitz is considered one of many pioneers
of the digital computer, through the development of the first electromechanical
computer. The first electronic computer was introduced by John
Atanasoff in 1939. With the development of personal computers,the process
of digitalization accelerated. The producers of computers such as
the Simon in 1950, Apple II in 1977 and IBM PC in
1981 the wings of digitalisation started flying higher.
The introduction of the digitalization
fundamentally changed, resulting in the increased pressure on the societal
transformation process. In 2000, digitalization began to be used more widely as
a concept and argument for an overall governmental introduction of IT,
increased usage of internet and IT on all levels. A similar development began
in the general business climate in order to raise awareness regarding the issue
and opportunity. Further it became the basis for creation of e-governance and
information society.Now a days digitalisation is being used in
various fields such as political, business, trade, industry and media
discourses. Following are few fields where digitalisation is widely used
:-
1. In hospitality management- Data in the form of
online content is being transferred to the desired agency in the hospitality
industry thus making it easier for the transaction of business between customer
and the industry.
2. In e-commerce: The
process of digitalisation has affected the whole process of business and it has
resulted in advent of an era of e commerce where leading players of various
industries have forayed their business on e commerce platform. It has resulted
in development of infrastructure as well.
3. In banking industry
: Digitalisation has transformed the whole banking business bringing every
services to the palm of the customers. It has resulted in reduction of manpower
in operation and delivery of quick services.It has facilitated introduction of
services at at every nook and corner and with a vivid experience.
4. In training :With
the increase of online learning tools and facilities organisations and
individuals are looking for more flexible ways per personal development and all
of it has become possible bringing trainer and trainee on a common platform
from farthest corner of the world.
5. In healthcare: The
information technology has transformed the whole healthcare industry from rags
to rashes. The delivery of services and facilities have improved not only in
medical consultation but also in the surgical intervention, and the advent of
robotic surgery and use of artificial intelligence in the field has also
improved overall delivery of health services. It involves storage and exchange
of clinical data, inter-professional communication, computer-based support,
patient-provider interaction and service delivery and education.
6. In engineering : The
field of engineering is one of the related field of digitalisation which is
largely being transformed due to the digitalisation. To name a few leading
fields of engineering we can relate space science, environmental science and
infrastructure development.
Every
facility which is a boon to the society sometimes has its own demerits. And
thus, digitalisation also carries some demerits. The main demerit of the
digitalisation has emerged as a threat to the privacy and loss of personal
data. This loss is a resultant of the negative and destructive activities such
as hacking, fishing, whishing and so on. The theft of identity results in loss
of money due to digital theft in banking transaction, unlawful data breach may
result in the loss of vital security and secrecy information of a person or
country. It may also lead to creation of artificial disaster leading to a
massive catastrophe.
Despite all odds, digitalisation is a boon not
only for human being but also for the whole universe.
कोई टिप्पणी नहीं:
एक टिप्पणी भेजें
आपकी टिप्पणी के लिये आभार।हम शीघ्र ही आपसे जुड़ेंगे।